Da Guerra Santa ao Racismo Religioso: Desdobramentos teóricos do conflito religioso em Salvador

Abstract

The growth of the pentecostal churches and also the so-called “holy wars”, that were initiated in the 1980s, have placed for the social scientists a demand for research that approached the “incorporation” phenomena, as well as attacks on the afro-Brazilian religions in evangelical worship church services. The changes within the Brazilian religious field, identified by the 1991, 2000 and 2010 censuses, point to new religious categories and the phenomenon of growth in the number of neo pentecostals in Brazil, a factor that is being repeated in the state of Bahia and in its capital. Salvador is the blackest capital, with great operation of religions in the public space and, moreover, the afro-Brazilian religions symbols were attributed as markers of what is called a “Bahian identity”. Considering these aspects, the objective of this work is to discuss, through bibliographic review, the theoretical categories formulated about religious conflicts at the national level in relation to works that deal with these conflicts in Salvador. From the analysis of the bibliography, we can see a theoretical change at the national level, where the conflict is no longer read as a "holy war" but as "intolerance" and, more recently, as "religious racism". The conflicts between Neo Pentecostals and Afro-Brazilians in Salvador, in the selected bibliography, are characterized in the dispute for hegemony and public space, involving the block parties, monuments and religious territories. In this Master's thesis I present the theoretical movement carried out in each dimension of the religious conflict in the city.