Associação entre sintomas de compulsão alimentar e síndrome metabólica

Abstract

Introduction: Binge Eating (BE) is defined by the consumption of large amounts of food in a short period of time and may be associated with metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective to verify whether there is an association between BE symptom and MS, as well as to estimate the prevalence of BE symptoms in the research participants; to evaluate whether there is a significant association between the MS cofactors (waist circumference-WC, Systemic Arterial Hypertension-SAH, Diabetes Mellitus-DM, High Density Lipoprotein-HDLc, triglycerides) and BE symptoms; to verify whether there is a significant association of BE and the factors associated with MS (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance-HOMA IR and Body Mass Index-BMI); and to analyze the sociodemographic profile of the research participants. Material and methods: cross-sectional, analytical study, with a sample composed of 52 volunteers, 50% with MS, adults and elderly, of both sexes. Data were collected non-presentially, due to restrictive measures required by the pandemic coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). A questionnaire, the Binge Eating Scale (BES), was applied, and secondary data were collected: sociodemographic, MS cofactor values, as well as their associated factors. We performed the Shapiro-Wilk test to assess normality of continuous variables and T-student test or Wilcoxon test in R software to compare groups, considering a 5% significance level significant. Results: The sample was composed mostly of women, adults, who studied up to high school, economically active, with an income of 1 to 2 minimum wages. The MS cofactors showed higher mean and median in the MS group, except for HDLc, as expected. The prevalence of BE, according to BES, was 15% in both groups, with and without MS. There was no significant association between BE and MS (p=1.00), cofactors (p>0.05) and factors associated with MS (p>0.05). The present study showed that the use of hypolipemiant is 2.21 times higher among those with BE. When comparing groups, even without significant association, the values of WC, glycemia, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, BMI and HOMA IR showed higher means when compared to the group without BE, regardless of MS. Conclusion: It is concluded that, different from what was hypothesized, there was no significant association between BE and MS, as well as with the cofactors and factors associated with MS, possibly due to the sample size.