Mobilidade torácica, força muscular respiratória e função pulmonar na doença de Parkinson.

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson's disease is a chronic and degenerative disease of central nervous system of unknown origin that causes movement disorders. Objective: To investigate the association between thoracic mobility, respiratory muscle strength and lung function in individuals with Parkinson's disease, its relation to the motor stage as well as to compare these respiratory measurements with people without the disease. Material and methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of individuals with and without Parkinson's disease, adults of both sexes, in Salvador, Bahia. Both primary and secondary data was collected and the staging of the disease was classified according to the Hoehn and Yahr Modified Disability Stages Scale. Respiratory function was evaluated through tests of cirtometry, manovacuometry, spirometry and peak cough flow. Results: A total of 66 people were evaluated, 33 with PD and 33 without the disease, being the majority men (81.8%),with mean age of 62.1 ± 8.07 years. As for the motor stage in the Parkinson group, 39.4% were in stage 1.5. Measurements of thoracic mobility, respiratory muscle strength and lung function were reduced in people with Parkinson’s disease when compared to others without the disease. The umbilical variation presented a moderate correlation with forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (r = 0.50 p = 0.003), peak absolute and predicted expiratory flow (r = 0.63 p <0.001, r = 0.53 p = 0.003) and peak cough flow (r = 0.56 p = 0.001); (r = 0.42 p = 0.015) and forced vital capacity (r = 0.46 p = 0.007). The Pmax (r = -0, 41 p = 0.017), the PEmax (r = -0.42 p = 0.014), the predicted PEF (r = -0.38 p = 0.049), the PFT , P = 0.028) and the FEV1 / FVC ratio (r = -0.37 p = 0.036) showed a negative correlation, however weak with the Parkinson's disease motor stage. Conclusion: Individuals with Parkinson's disease show pulmonary function alterations, even in the early stages, when compared to others without the disease. The correlation between umbilical variation and inspiratory muscle strength; expiratory lung volumes and flows suggest a relationship between abdominal muscle impairment and respiratory changes associated with the disease, making respiratory evaluation and the early strengthening of the respiratory muscle, since its diagnosis relevant, in order to minimize future complications.