Conflitos em tela: uma trama de relações entre territorialidades e violências no cinema baiano

Abstract

This work builds an articulation between Bahian cinemas, territorialities and violence, key ideas in the research. We seek, then, to conceive our own filmography from the ways of understanding territorialities and violence in Bahian films, in a movement to destabilize and reconstruct contexts. It is due to the construction of our research problem that the movement of radical contextualization, proposed by Lawrence Grossberg (2010), which seeks to map the relationships in a cultural process and perform dislocations and rearticulations from these contexts built in search, is important. When presenting territories and violence from its multiple dimensions, both physical and symbolic, we work with a network of relationships that manifest themselves in the most diverse forms and among the various social elements. All this movement led us to build the three axes that make up the analytical plot: Articulations between racial, gender and class discrimination; Confrontations and incorporations in popular culture and its practices; State violence. The way of looking at our question was based on an analytical plot, in which each of the elaborated axes is constituted by crossings and interrelations that tell us from different contexts, without there being a hierarchy or separation between them. We defend an approach inserted in Cultural Studies and with a proposal to understand cultural processes from their multiple temporalities. From this political and scientific position, we go against the establishment of milestones and cycles, a recurring framework in the bibliography on Brazilian cinema. Therefore, this work maps the disputes of Bahian cinemas, based on our concern with an articulation between territories and violence. We understand territory from the approximation with the work of Rogério Haesbaert, who discusses it both in a notion of the symbolic, with marks of everyday experiences, and a functional notion, of the physical space where these experiences are possible. As a result of this approach, we bet on the concept of territoriality as a key idea, understanding the concept as something present in everyday life and that permeates understandings about territories. Just as territorialities are multiple and coexist, so are violence and social conflicts. Based on the Foucauldian idea of microphysics of power, José Vicente Tavares dos Santos proposes a microphysics of violence, which affects different social strata. An important key that we call here is the articulation of a treatment of the exotic and prejudiced, which are symbolic violence that permeates also current territorialities, a historicity of violence that does not belong only to a static past. This understanding is in close relationship with the various dimensions of violence around gender, race, class and religion. The dynamics of appropriation and disputes around popular culture, symbolic and physical struggles for sacred territories or traditional communities and attempts to survive in the face of racial, gender or class discrimination were some of the issues that we see from our analytical plot.