Complementaridade das energias eólica e solar na Bahia

Abstract

For 2020, total installed capacities of 5,500 MW wind and almost 900 MW solar photovoltaic are planned for the state of Bahia, located in the Northeast Region of Brazil. Considering the scale of these new electricity generation projects from renewable sources, the objective of this study is to examine the impacts and benefits of integrating these variable resources into the electricity grid of Bahia. The technical feasibility of significant penetration percentages of wind and solar energy without energy storage systems will be investigated. Several scenarios of integration and balance of systems will be simulated, evaluated and optimized in terms of ability to reliably meet the hourly electrical load in Bahia without waste or surplus energy. Different proportions of variable renewable penetration will also be analyzed, combined with existing hydro and thermoelectric plants. It is estimated that between 40% and 50% of electricity can be supplied via wind and solar resources without the need to import electricity from other states. Furthermore, penetrations between 60% and 70% can be technically feasible with the implementation of sufficient transmission lines, interstate exchange of electricity, accurate weather forecasting and sub-hourly scheduling of auxiliary services of hydroelectric and thermoelectric plants.