Uma contribuição à modelagem da informação da cidade: construção de um modelo geométrico e semântico em LOD1 e LOD2 para o Pelourinho, Salvador - BA

Abstract

Sharing, exchanging, and using 3D numerical models of cities in a wide range of applications is favored by the use of the CityGML standard. However, developing a dataset in this format usually requires tools that are not free and/or require programming skills. Therefore, in this research, which used Design Science Research as a methodology, we sought to generate an artifact (framework) with free or low-cost tools for constructing a geometric and semantic model for Pelourinho in Salvador, Bahia. The model contained buildings in LOD1 and LOD2 in CityGML format and was generated using the GEORES plugin, a tool freely available for SketchUp. In addition to the buildings, some trees, poles, and roads in the study area were considered, which belong to the Building, Vegetation, CityFurniture, and Transportation modules of the standard used. The data were added to a database (PostgreSQL/PostGIS) using the 3DCityDB software package, which made it possible to import, export, and visualize the geometry and semantics. The artifact proved to be adequate to build the model in CityGML format but, despite having met the needs, it required a high manual workload, presenting itself as inadequate in creating models of large areas. The bibliographic survey carried out in this research allowed us to identify different concepts for the CIM in the literature. Therefore, a conceptualization for the CIM was proposed according to the city information modeling concept that guided this work. The concept elaborated took into account that CIM arises from an analogy with BIM; that the attributes of the CIM paradigm must be explained in the conceptualization (collaborative work, reliability, interoperability and easy sharing) and that the establishment of a standard format, such as CityGML, is necessary in the modeling of city information.