Direito à terra, conflito e análise de processos documentais de tombamento de terreiros de candomblé pelo IPAC

Abstract

This is qualitative research in which I aimed to present and understand, from the documental processes of patrimonialization, what are the motivations of the leaders of Candomblé terreiros to request the safeguarding of their Afro religious worship spaces and that the State preserve the Candomblé. I argued that the lack of legal certainty – which is revealed through fear and/or existence of confrontation of land conflict around Afro religious territories – of the possession and use of the lands occupied by eight terreiros motivated their representatives to ask for the title of cultural heritage given through IPAC. The methodology used is of an ethnographic nature, using methods such as fieldwork, documental research and case study and the application of observation techniques, semi-structured interviews and document analysis, that is, the intersection of theoretical, oral and written sources, and, with the help of anthropology, I explored notions of: right to land, land conflict, terreiros de candomblé, patrimonialization and public institution. In the end, I found that the people of terreiros when claiming the PPC understand that the patrimonialization, given through the safeguarding, is able to ensure the legal ownership of the safeguarded terreiros, since the title of tangible cultural heritage confers the status of religious property, whose purpose cannot be changed, understanding, therefore, distinct and broader than that employed by the State.