Infecção do trato respiratório de pacientes com Fibrose Cística assistidos em ambulatório multidisciplinar de um hospital universitário

Abstract

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) protein. The absence or inadequate functioning of the CFTR protein results in an increase in the viscosity of the mucosal secretions that propitiate infections in the respiratory tract. Infections by several pathogens, among them Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), are responsible for the elevation of morbidity and mortality among CF patients. Objectives: To characterize the respiratory tract infection profile of CF patients assisted in a multidisciplinary outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed with CF patients followed up in a multidisciplinary reference outpatient clinic between July 2015 and June 2016. Data were obtained from patients' medical records and analyzed in Epidata. Results: Fifty-five children were included, all of them non-white, 23 (41.8%) male; the mean age of patients was 10.43 years (SD = 5.81), 32 (58.1%) patients had at least one microorganism isolated in the respiratory tract at the time of CF diagnosis. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the most prevalent microorganism in 33 (60%) patients, followed by P. aeruginosa 17 (31%). Conclusions: S. aureus and P. aeruginosa were the most isolated microorganisms, and S. aureus was the pathogen that presented greater isolation followed by P. aeruginosa. The other microorganisms isolated had a heterogeneous distribution among the age groups.