Programas de gestão e educação ambiental em eventos esportivos realizados em praias: subsídios para elaboração de política pública

Abstract

This research is exploratory and descriptive, with a qualitative and quantitative and a non-probabilistic approach. A broad bibliographic research was carried out with the intention of raising the state of the art of studies on environmental management, environmental education and sustainability in sporting events on beaches and on coastal management in Brazil, as well as the documentary research for knowledge on Environmental Legislation related to the theme and how they are being applied to the licensing of beach events, in order to provide subsidies for the elaboration of guidelines for the licensing of events associated with the implementation of Environmental Management and Education Programs. In order to analyze how environmental management and education has been developed at beach sport events, to identify the main environmental problems caused by these events and to understand the natural processes impacted, fourteen events were observed in the municipalities of Salvador (08), Lauro de Freitas (01), Camaçari (03) and Mata de São João (02), of different sports: surfing (07); stand up paddle (02); body board (01); jet wave (01); futevôlei (01); beach wrestling (01), triathlon (01); in the period from August 2016 to August 2017, when a form with the organizer of each event was also applied. The data collected through the Direct Observation Roadmap are related to: 1) characterization of the event; 2) characterization of the beach as to morphodynamic aspects; as to the processes of use and degree of occupation; plant cover; 3) Description of the assembled and / or adapted physical structures used by the event and the possible environmental impacts; the form of visual communication and fixation mechanisms; 4) Aspects related to the execution and operation of the event itself aimed at verifying the Ecological Dimension of Sustainability classified into categories: solid waste, sociobiodiversity, water, energy and transportation. In none of the events was there verified the existence of management and environmental education programs. There were aspects related to the lack of solid waste management, installation of event structures, lack of measures to protect biodiversity, and mitigating and / or preventive actions for possible social and environmental damages.