Autonomia reprodutiva de mulheres quilombolas e participação dos parceiros em suas escolhas reprodutivas

Abstract

PEREIRA, Chirlene Oliveira de Jesus. Reproductive autonomy of quilombola women and partner participation in their reproductive choices. 2021. 136f. Thesis (Doctorate in Interdisciplinary Studies on Women, Gender and Feminism) – Graduate Program in Interdisciplinary Studies on Women, Gender and Feminism. Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, 2021. The reproductive autonomy of quilombola women is a theme that does not encompass studies and research in the area, particularly in terms of understanding the participation of partners in these women's reproductive choices. This research is part of an umbrella project composed of four doctoral studies on reproductive autonomy of quilombola women and rural workers in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco. The study in question aims to fill the existing gap regarding gender, race and health studies with quilombola women in the field of studies in sexual and reproductive health. This investigation had as general objective to analyze the reproductive autonomy of women and the participation of the partners in their reproductive choices, and specific: to characterize the quilombola women regarding the social, sexual and reproductive profile of the communities of Giral Grande and Porto da Pedra; identify social, economic, cultural and family aspects that influence the choices and reproductive autonomy of quilombola women; discuss the participation of partners in the reproductive choices of quilombola women. The research was carried out with 60 quilombola women of adult reproductive age between 18 and 49 years old, with reproductive experience, who already had or have partners, in two rural quilombola communities of Giral Grande and Porto da Pedra, located in the Municipality of Maragogipe in the Recôncavo Baiano . This is a quantitative study of an analytical, observational, cross-sectional epidemiological nature. For the analysis of the data collected, descriptive statistical procedures were used to express the results as absolute and relative frequencies, means, medians, standard deviations (SD), interquartile ranges (AIQ), minimum and maximum values. Data normality was measured using the Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, while homoscedasticity was tested using the Levene test. Comparisons between two groups were performed using the Mann-Whitney or Student t tests for independent samples, while comparisons between three groups were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Spearman and Pearson correlations were used to verify associations between age and reproductive autonomy. The significance level adopted in the study was 5% (α = 0.05) and all analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (IBM SPSS. 21.0, 2012, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). The research results demonstrate that quilombola women from the territory of Guaí, Maragogipe, presented high reproductive autonomy, especially in the domains of decision-making and absence of coercion. Women who declared themselves black had greater reproductive autonomy related to ―absence of coercion‖, compared to women of other colors/races. Working in the autonomous condition negatively impacted the general reproductive autonomy of quilombola women. The experiences of pregnancy and childbirth were factors associated with lower reproductive autonomy in the constructs ―absence of coercion‖, ―communication‖ and ―total reproductive autonomy‖.