O cuidado às mulheres em situação de violência doméstica na perspectiva de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras da Estratégia Saúde da Família.

Abstract

Domestic violence against women is a problem in the health field, which has in the Family Health Strategy an important way of coping, mainly due to its proximity to the territory where women live with their families. Thus, this study sought to describe how the theme of care for women in situations of domestic violence is presented in the work process of the Family Health Strategy, from the perspective of its workers. The research was marked by the advent of the coronavirus pandemic, which made it impossible to be present in the field, and consequently, the initial idea was maintained, where participant observation would be used as an investigation technique. Therefore, maintaining the option for qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were used as the main source of data, and some field diaries. From these, the content obtained was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. The discussion was based on the theoretical articulation between studies in the field of Gender, the work process and the micropolitics of health work, as well as the understanding of modernist violence, also considering the process of construction of health policies for women in the Brazilian context. There was an absence of technical-scientific knowledge on the subject and health practices based mainly on knowledge built from the experience gained of each professional. The vertical structure in which the relationship between municipal management and service is formed, and the dynamics of a work process that needs to respond to the demands of the capitalist system are factors that make it difficult for these practical knowledge to be expressed by workers in collective processes of construction of a way of doing health, and in conjunction with technical-scientific knowledge about domestic violence against women. An institutional protocol that can guide women's care practices proved to be essential for providing care that can guarantee the safety of professionals and the quality of care for women in situations of violence. Despite understanding that violence against women is rooted in the conformation of a sexist and patriarchal society, the problem is seen to be secondary to other health issues. Aside from this understanding, health work agents are not free from pre judgments and discourses that point to an existing, but superficial knowledge about gender issues in society, and its deepening is fundamental for the production of a comprehensive care. At the end of the study, reflections and suggestions are brought up based on the findings, so that they can contribute not only to the discussion on the topic, but also to be sources for the construction of health policies.