Impacto do monitoramento remoto por telemedicina sobre os indicadores de morbidade em pacientes asmáticos graves

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic disease with high prevalence, morbidity and mortality. Asthma exacerbations represent a considerable burden on the health system and are associated with the need to attend emergency rooms, unscheduled visits and the risk of hospitalizations. Telemedicine is an effective method of educational intervention to complement the usual treatment with the potential to increase the effectiveness of asthma control and thereby reduce non-elective visits, hospitalizations and emergency visits for asthma. Regarding the use of telemedicine as a tool to reduce hospitalization of asthmatic patients (Literature review): To review the literature on the use of telemedicine and its impact on hospitalization of asthmatic patients; Evaluate the impact of remote telemedicine monitoring on asthma morbidity indicators in critically ill asthmatic patients followed up at a referral center (PROAR - UFBA. Article 1- systematic review of randomized clinical trials in the PUBMED / MEDLINE and BIREME databases Article 2- Open randomized clinical trial, of parallel groups, carried out in a specialized program for asthma control in Bahia. Article 1- 07 articles were selected, 28% of the articles demonstrated that telemonitoring reduced hospitalization and emergency visits when compared to the usual treatment for asthma, improved the quality of life of patients and caregivers, there was no death and hospitalization in intensive care. Article 2- 139 participants were included (IG = 78 and CG = 78). There was a reduction in the IG of 35.3% and 22.4% in health care (p = 0.040) and emergency care (p = 0.059) after 90 days of intervention. There was no hospitalization, care in health services, visits to the emergency department by GI participants after 180 days. Telemedicine interventions can be a useful, easily accessible and viable tool providing patients with greater access to specialized treatment for asthma and treatment adherence, as well as minimizing asthma morbidity rates when associated with treatment and regular face-to-face follow-up.