Associação de características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais com o estresse percebido em mototaxistas

Abstract

Mototaxiking is a regulated occupation since 2009 in Brazil, existing in most cities, especially in small and medium-sized ones. This work is predominantly done by men and has become advantageous and attractive for allowing the management of their own business, giving the option for workers to be easily located at various points scattered throughout the city, and offering a source of income for personal and family support. The precarious working conditions to which they are submitted may predispose to the emergence and maintenance of high levels of stress. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association of sociodemographic and occupational characteristics with high levels of perceived stress in mototaxi drivers; to describe sociodemographic and occupational characteristics with the level of perceived stress in mototaxi drivers; and to analyze the association of working conditions with the level of perceived stress in mototaxi drivers. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 800 mototaxi drivers who answered instruments about socio-demographic and occupational variables and the Scale of Perceived Stress. In the analysis, we used descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square test and Poisson Regression with robust variance. The statistical significance was 5%. Of the 800 mototaxi drivers, 46.8% presented a high level of perceived stress. In the multivariate analysis, the factors that contributed to the high level of stress were low control over work (RP=7.76; 95%CI=5.19-11.61), low social support at work (RP=3.87; 95%CI=2.95-5.08), work day longer than eight hours per day (RP=1.47; 95%CI=1.21-1.78) and monthly income less than or equal to two minimum wages (RP=1.34; 95%CI=1.13-2.58). Extensive work hours, occupational stressors, and low income were found to be associated with high levels of perceived stress. Public policies and interventions to minimize occupational stressors are essential.