Sistema de intermediação de mão de obra no Brasil: efeitos sobre o mercado de trabalho no período de 2012-2019.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effects of the labor intermediation system on the Brazilian labor market. The intermediation policy comprises actions that facilitate the matching between workers and employers, aiming at reducing unemployment and efficiently allocating human resources. The Brazilian intermediation system is part of the country's employment and labor system, has national coverage, and operates through a network of state and municipal agencies, the National Employment System (SINE), and affiliated private entities, regulated by the Federal Government, mainly by the Ministry of Labor and Employment. There is no consensus in the literature on the effects of the intermediation system on labor market outcomes. While some research points to positive results, such as reducing unemployment duration and increasing the probability of reemployment, others indicate challenges and potential adverse effects. In the Brazilian scenario, research gaps in this area reinforce the need for more in-depth investigations, considering the complexity and peculiarities of the national system. Given this context, with the aim of evaluating the impact of the Brazilian intermediation system, this study uses panel data from individual microdata from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey (PNADC), covering the period from 2012 to 2019. The Difference-in-Differences (DiD) model is combined with Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to estimate the effects of access to the intermediation system on formal employment, unemployment duration, and wages. The results show that, for inexperienced workers in the first interview, accessing the intermediation system is associated with a reduction in the probability of formal employment and an increase in unemployment duration. For workers with experience in the first interview, the results indicate even more pronounced impacts, with a significant reduction in the probability of formal employment, an increase in unemployment duration, and a decrease in wages received in terms of the minimum wage. The analysis of heterogeneous effects highlighted variations in the impacts of the intermediation policy for groups with different demographic and productive characteristics.