Fortalecimento de ecossistemas de inovação socioambiental para a promoção da justiça climática: um estudo na cidade de Salvador, Bahia.

Abstract

In the last century, developed nations, which represent the global north, have had an unprecedented generation of wealth, showing strong economic progress, but generating a great environmental impact. Such economic development was not observed in the countries of the global south in the same proportions. Climate justice, then, can be approached as a response to social inequalities regarding the effects of climate change that has been affecting several locations, including regions of the global south and, in this work specifically, the city of Salvador, Bahia. Social inclusion, human rights and income generation policies, especially for more vulnerable regions, are important for promoting environmental and climate justice. In this context, the study of Socio Environmental Innovation Ecosystems (EIS) and their effects on cities is a relevant topic, considering socio-environmental crises and the diversity and breadth of urban problems. The objective of this research is to understand how strengthening Socio-Environmental Innovation Ecosystems (EIS) contributes to mitigating and adapting to the effects of climate change, promoting resilience and climate justice in the city of Salvador. The methodology used for this work is applied research, with an exploratory and descriptive character, with a mixed approach to data collection and processing. As data collection instruments, the electronic questionnaire was used, applied between May and August 2024, with 58 respondents, and semi-structured interviews with EIS actors in Salvador, totaling 12 interviews carried out between the period from May to September 2024. Analyzing the main results of this research, it was possible to see that Salvador's EIS is still in its infancy, as many actors do not recognize themselves as participants in this system. On the other hand, diverse actions such as environmental education projects, social inclusion, waste collection and treatment, as well as actions to promote gender equality and human rights are found among the research participants that make up the Salvador EIS. In this way, based on listening and analysis of empirical data, it was possible to construct a booklet called ‘Salvador no Clima’, containing guidelines, propositions and guidelines for promoting climate and environmental justice in Salvador, in order to empower EIS actors in the city of Salvador, with a view to guiding and pointing out directions for the construction of public policies aimed at minority, marginalized and excluded populations.