Zoonoses, doenças vetoriais e acidentes por animais peçonhentos em militares do Exército Brasileiro (2017/2018)

Abstract

For the Brazilian Army to fulfill its missions, the approximately 217,000 military personnel are constantly being trained and exposed to biological hazards. The objective of this work was to know the biological risks in Brazilian Army military activities. An ecological study was carried out, whose area analysis units were the twelve Military Regions, with their respective federative units. The data considered in the study are comprised in the 2017 and 2018 biennium. The Army Health Directorate was required to report compulsory notification diseases in the military and the incidences of the diseases were calculated. Information on notifications of diseases was collected through consultations with electronic websites that provide information from the Notification of Information System and the incidences of notified diseases were calculated. The relative risk for military injuries relative to the general population was calculated. A consultation was made with the Supply Directorate and a survey of animal-based military organizations to identify cases of zoonoses. The results show that urban arboviruses transmitted by the mosquito Aedes spp. It is the diseases that had more notifications among the military and it was found that, in some diseases and in some regions of the country, the risk of getting sick is higher in the military than in the general population. The main hypothesis for this higher risk in the military is the greater exposure to venomous animals and to reservoirs and vectors of zoonoses during the performance of their activities, especially the operational ones. The military veterinarian is qualified to play the role of health officer in the prevention and control of biological hazards.