Análise envoltória de dados para avaliação de eficiência dos recursos financeiros e humanos da Universidade Federal da Bahia (2007 a 2022)

Abstract

This research aims to produce an analysis of the efficiency of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) based on financial and human resources between 2007 and 2022, using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to portray how UFBA behaved during this period. In this context, the research highlighted the management of these resources to achieve its academic objectives. To fulfill the objective of this research, references from the study area, institutional documents (both internal and external to UFBA), and official websites were used as data sources. By utilizing the Statistical System “R,” the Data Envelopment Analysis, along with its inputs (financial and human resources) and outputs (academic results, research, among others), allowed for the identification, through categories, of the efficiency of the Federal University of Bahia in achieving its proposed objectives as a Public Higher Education Institution in its academic, research, administrative, and extension dimensions. The comparative analysis of efficiency over time was complemented by the results of the historical, budgetary, and documentary analyses discussed in the section that provided an in-depth look at the University. Regarding efficiency, measured objectively by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), it was found that UFBA had a performance close to excellence in the period 2007-2010. However, there was a significant drop in the four-year period 2011-2014. Although there was a partial recovery in the subsequent periods (2015 to 2018 and 2019 to 2022), efficiency did not return to the levels of the first four-year period. The results suggest that the management of UFBA's financial and human resources was impacted by the context in which it was situated, facing challenges such as budget cuts and changes in government. Throughout the period, the category that showed the highest average efficiency was Other Institutional Data; however, the other categories exhibited efficiency ranging from strong to moderate, with the Research category having the lowest efficiency score. When examining the correlation between the five categories of the study and the Consolidated Institutional Efficiency, it was found that the Extension category had the greatest correlation with the Consolidated Institutional Efficiency, revealing that this category significantly impacts the overall efficiency of the University. This suggests the need to promote more extension activities to further improve the University’s results and to continue encouraging the other categories to avoid a decline in efficiency. The results will help improve the utilization of UFBA's financial resources and administrative processes, increasing the impact of its academic, research, and extension activities. Instruments for analyzing the collected data were generated by this thesis, which will serve to inspire and teach other higher education institutions to assess their efficiency and the possible causes of variations. This will contribute to the continuous improvement of university management and, consequently, to academic and social excellence through the dissemination of knowledge.