Planos de bacias hidrográficas de rios de domínio estadual: uma proposta de acompanhamento da implementação por meio de modelos tático-operacionais

Abstract

In recent decades, Brazil has advanced in the implementation of the instruments of the National Water Resources Policy, especially with regard to the preparation of River Basin Plans, a water planning and management instrument responsible for defining short, medium and long guidelines and actions term to be implemented to guarantee multiple uses. Despite advances in the preparation of this instrument, its implementation has run into different obstacles, whether of a financial or methodological nature. The absence of tools to guide their implementation and binding mechanisms that establish deadlines and mandatory implementation by the responsible entities, has hampered the achievement of the objectives proposed by this instrument. In Brazil, recent initiatives in adopting strategies to monitor the implementation of basin plans have been concentrated on rivers in basins under the Union's domain. In order to establish a methodological strategy for monitoring the implementation of River Basin Plans for rivers in the state domain, this work used tactical-operational models as a planning and management tool for priority actions of these basin plans. The tactical-operational models consist of the breakdown of actions into activities, guided by execution flowcharts using the BPMN (Business Process Management Notation) notation, a descriptive form of these activities containing those responsible for their execution and the progress curve for monitoring deadlines . In order to evaluate the proposed strategy, the Recôncavo Sul Hydrographic Basin Plan was used as a case study. Among the actions that compose it, three priority actions were selected by the corresponding Hydrographic Basin Committee, which were deployed through tactical models operationals to compose a proposal for an operating manual (OPM). Inspired by international experiences, the implementation cycle strategy was adopted as the basis of the methodological construction, which proposes the execution of previous agreements between the executing entities, aiming at meeting the established goals. The fragility of the planning of the studied plan proves to be a bottleneck for the implementation of this plan, and within this core, initially it is proposed to strengthen the deliberative instance, in order to enable the implementation of the Operating Manual (OPM) to achieve the objectives proposed.