Desenvolvimento e caracterização de filmes biodegradáveis utilizando amido produzidos por extrusão termoplástica visando aplicação como embalagens

Abstract

The use of synthetic polymers for the production of plastic packaging has propelled the researches and development of new materials. In this context, the objective of this work was the development and characterization of biodegradable films based on thermoplastic starch with different reinforcement materials, through the extrusion and blowing process for packaging application. The first step was to study the incorporation of starch nanoparticles (SNP) produced by ultrasound in blends of poly (butylenes adipate-co-terephthalate)- PBAT and thermoplastic starch (TPS). The second step aimed to the production of thermoplastic starch films and recycled gelatin. The results obtained in the PBAT/ATP/SNP films showed that the films that were incorporated with 1% SNP showed a reduction in water vapor permeability and the mechanical properties were significantly improved, thus presenting similar characteristics to the films produced only with the PBAT. About the films produced with recycled starch and gelatin, it was possible to observe that the recycling process which gelatin was subjected did not interfere in the physical properties, since, films with higher concentrations of recycled gelatin (12.5%) presented improved mechanical characteristics when compared to those with lower concentrations. Also the biodegradability analysis showed that after 17 weeks the same film showed a weight loss of 50%. Therefore, this work shows that it is possible to produce thermoplastic starch films by extrusion with different reinforcing materials with good mechanical and water vapor barrier properties, thus presenting as an alternative to the conventional plastic packaging.