Desempenho funcional de indivíduos com doenças cardiovasculares internados em unidade de terapia intensiva e sua correlação com a fração de ejeção cardíaca

Abstract

Introdution: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death from chronic noncommunicable diseases worldwide. Functional performance assessment has been increasingly used in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Objetive: To verify the functional and ventilatory performance of individuals with heart disease admitted to the ICU and its correlation with the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Method: This is a cross sectional study, carried out at the cardiovascular ICU of the Roberto Santos General Hospital, in which patients with CVD, who underwent a transthoracic echocardiogram at admission were submitted to ventilatory function tests, through the assessment of the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MAXIP), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Functional Performance Assessment through the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Gait Speed Test (GST) and 1-Minute Sit and Stand Test (1min-TSO). The LVEF value were recorded from the medical record. Results: 111 participants, mostly male (72%), with heart disease, most of them diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction (75%), had a mean maximum distance walked (6MWD) of 354.6±98, 2m, mean gait speed of 1.32±0.4m/s and at 1min-TSO 18±6.1 repetitions. A moderate correlation was identified in three functional tests (6MWT vs. TVM, r= 0.51, p <0.001; 6MWT vs. 1min-TSO, r=0.66, p=0.001 and TVM and 1min-TSO, r=0.51, p<0.001). Conclusion: There is a weak correlation between the LVEF value and the clinical tests, there is a moderate correlation between the functional tests in individuals with CDV admitted in ICU.