Metodologia de identificação de situações críticas em segurança de processos via integração entre ergonomia, método de ressonância funcional (FRAM) e fatores humanos

Abstract

This dissertation developed a methodology to assess the safety of systemic processes for industrial sociotechnical systems. The strong point was the interpretative character that starts from the study of the context through contemporary French ergonomics, relying on the FRAM (Functional Resonance Analysis Method). Through its line of interpretation and detailing and observation of activities, the main and support functions for the construction of instantiations were identified. The thesis thus used results from the application of two different methodological frameworks to identify the critical functions that affect process safety in a chemical industry: FRAM and Performance Shaping Factors (PSF), the latter involving operators’ active participation, were applied on the same sociotechnical process. Three phenotype responses were integrated, based on FRAM, namely timing, precision, and duration. A methodological framework based on human factors had selected the critical key PSF, used as an indicator, to identify the critical activities in the process, by operator’s perceptions. This study demonstrated that some result variability couplings can be different in some aspects in the automated and batch process. The integration of duration phenotypes with integration timing and precision, that can modify the results of variability in a batch process. One key aspect was related to human being management observation, that can adapt and mitigate risks. Particularly, operator competence and knowledge can eliminate function and task time by modifying the work sequence of the process. Comparison results demonstrated the compatibility of both FRAM and PSF analyses. The use of a questionnaire to obtain information on factors that affect human performance proved to be successful, increasing user participation in a sociotechnical system and identifying critical activities of the process. The development of future practical studies, utilizing FRAM in conjunction with other tools, can be served to strengthen new sociotechnical processes. Keywords: Performance Shaping Factors (PSF), Resilience Engineering, Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM).