A ideia de Deus em Levinas

Abstract

The thesis focuses the analysis of the "idea of God” as articulated by the philosopher Emmanuel Levinas. The question is approached from its founder problem, which can be presented in the question about the possibility of thinking in the ballast of "reason" and therefore of philosophy, one concept that cannot be theme, what makes necessary its approach in a field "beyond knowledge". Levinas begins his foundation with a critique of philosophy as the ontology empire, that submit the entire object of the cogito dominion. He puts this thinking modus against the "Metaphysics", or Ethics, that addresses the being without thematize it. The author starts of the relationship between the "Same" (the enough ipseity, the "I") and "Other" (otherness) that express in the "Face" the power of a new intelligibility that advertises itself as Ethics and is exercised as "language". The formal model and inspiration for his idea of Infinity, or God, comes from the platonic and plotiniana heritage of God "beyond being," from the philosophy of Franz Rosenzweig and from the Cartesian model of the relationship between res cogitans and the Infinite God, outlined in the Third Meditation: an idea that contains more than you might think and that is defined by asymmetry. More than an “inspiration” platonic or cartesian, however, the paper argues that the formulation of the Infinite should also be credited to his Jewish heritage and supports the relationship between their Talmudic texts (called "religious") and his philosophical writing. The text will also develop concepts directly connected to his idea of God as the "atheism", the "prophecy", the "trace" and "A-God" (the order that compels a man to say "Here i am”, to serve and be responsible for the other). Levinas proposes a "faith without myths," heir at one time of Greece and Jerusalem, resulting from the breakdown of immanence that is the totality (globbing), by the objectifying knowledge (ontological or theological hue) or by the annihilation promoted by the faith surrender or ecstatic immanence of religions. It is based on the "Ethics" that Levinas discerns the possibility of one relation with the divine that happens among the men, and takes its genealogy in social relation.