A relação da atividade física e comportamento sedentário em pessoas com tontura

Abstract

Introduction: Dizziness is one of the most common and prevalent symptoms in clinical practice, affecting approximately 30% of the general population. The complaint can impact social, psychological, motor life, indicating a functional decline, consequently, a decrease in physical activity. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior and dizziness in adults and elderly individuals. Systematically synthesize scientific evidence that relates physical activity and sedentary behavior in people with dizziness and analyze the associations between levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior in individuals with complaints of dizziness. Methods: Article 1 was a systematic review in meta-analysis. The investigation was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, in the gray literature Proquest. Records were selected according to the following eligibility criteria: i) population with dizziness; ii) submitted or not to physical activity; and iii) exposed to sedentary behavior. Article 2 was an analytical cross-sectional study, with a population with dizziness. Fifty users of an Otoneurology service, with complaints of dizziness, participated in the research. Anamnesis, socioeconomic assessment, Vertigo/Dizziness questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Dizziness Deficiency Inventory (DHI) were performed. Logistic regression was conducted to estimate the association between exposure and outcome investigated. Results: Article 1 presented a meta-analysis that showed positive results from the investigated correlations, mainly in relation to sedentary behavior (total DHI with r=0.15 (95%CI=0.01;0.28), physical DHI, r= 0.06 (95%CI=0.03;0.08) and Emotional DHI, with r=0.06 (95%CI=0.03;0.10)), unlike exposure to physical activity. As for the original study (article 2), it was possible to observe that individuals who practice light physical activity are 4.68 times more likely to have severe dizziness compared to the group who practice vigorous physical activity. At the moderate level of physical activity, there was a 3.07 times greater probability of dizziness in the severe DHI group compared to the opposite group. Socioeconomic factors also influenced the severity of DHI: schooling (p=0.0168), income (p=0.000), race (p=0.000), paid work (0.000), active/insufficiently active (p= 0.0034), sedentary behavior (p=0.000), health perception (p=0.000). Conclusion: Sedentary behavior is positively associated with dizziness, however, it was not possible to prove that physical activity is associated with the symptom. On the other hand, the study produced showed that the higher the levels of physical activity, the lower the levels of DHI.